如果你還為自己蹩腳的寫作水平而煩惱的話，那么你該學(xué)習(xí)了。

從句三大類（14種從句）：名詞性從句、定語從句、狀語從句。

4種名詞性從句舉例

1、主語從句Whether it's right or notremains to be seen.

2、賓語從句I wonder whether it'sright or not.

3、同位語從句This is a question whetherit's right or not.

4、表語從句The question is whetherit's right or not.

2種定語從句舉例

1、限定性定語從句She is thestudent who can speak English well.

2、非限定性定語從句She is thestudent,who can speak English well.

8種狀語從句舉例

1、時(shí)間狀語從句The fact will come outwhen he comes here.

2、地點(diǎn)狀語從句You can go wherever youlike.

3、原因狀語從句Pay more attention to yourlessons because you are a student.

4、方式狀語從句He walks as if he were aking.

5、目的狀語從句She went to Japan so thatshe could learn Japanese well.

6、結(jié)果狀語從句She went to Japan so thatshe learned Japanese well.

7、條件狀語從句I will understand it if hetells me.

8、讓步狀語從句He knows a lot though heis little.

1名詞性從句

主語從句(subjectclauses)在復(fù)合句中起主語作用的從句叫主語從句。引導(dǎo)主語從句的詞有從屬連詞、、關(guān)系代詞、連接副詞等。引導(dǎo)主語從句的關(guān)聯(lián)詞有從屬連詞that、whether，關(guān)系代詞：who, what,which , whom, whose, whatever, whoever, whomever, whichever；關(guān)系副詞：when, where, how, why, however, whenever, wherever等。

That you don’t like him is none of my business.你不喜歡她不管我的事。

What he said is true. 他說的是真的。

Do you remember how he arrived almost at the end of the party? 你記得他幾乎是在宴會(huì)快結(jié)束時(shí)才到的嗎？ This party's really whereit's at, man! 啊，這個(gè)晚會(huì)真棒！

Tell us how you fulfilled the heavy task ahead of schedule.告訴我們,你們是怎樣提前完成這一艱巨任務(wù)的。

We have reason to believe that the fighting on the border maydevelop into a full-blown war. (喻)我們有理由相信邊境上的沖突可能發(fā)展成一場全面戰(zhàn)爭。

He said that he would come. 他說他要來。

Whether the football game will be played depends on the weather.足球比賽是否舉行將視天氣而定。

表語從句（predicativeclauses）用作表語的從句叫作表語從句，它位于主句中的連系動(dòng)詞之后。引導(dǎo)表語從句的詞有從屬連詞that、whether、as though(if)；關(guān)系代詞who, what, which, whom, whose, whatever, whoever, whomever,whichever等；關(guān)系副詞when, where, why, how,however, whenever, wherever等?？梢越颖碚Z從句的連系動(dòng)詞由be, look,remain, seem等。That引導(dǎo)表語從句時(shí)，在口語中，間或可以省略。

The trouble is that we are short of money.困難是我們資金短缺。

That is why stone walls are used instead of fences around NewEngland fields.這就是為什么在新英格蘭用石頭墻而不用柵欄的原因。

At that time, it seemed as if I couldn't think of the right wordanyhow.當(dāng)時(shí),我似乎怎么也想不出一個(gè)恰當(dāng)?shù)淖盅蹃怼?/span>

賓語從句(objectclauses)用作賓語的從句叫做賓語從句。賓語從句的位置與陳述句基本結(jié)構(gòu)中的賓語相同。賓語從句可作謂語動(dòng)詞的賓語，也可以作介詞和非謂語動(dòng)詞（動(dòng)詞不定式、動(dòng)名詞、分詞）和某些形容詞的賓語。賓語從句可以由從屬連詞that whether、if，關(guān)系代詞what, who, whose, which和關(guān)系副詞when、where、how、why等引導(dǎo)。

He said he wanted to go to town. 他說他想去城里。

I hope you'll be better soon.我希望你能很快好起來。

I’m so glad that you were able to come to this party.你能設(shè)法抽空出席這個(gè)交際會(huì)，我很高興。

I know nothing about it except what I have read in the papers.除了在報(bào)上讀到的以外,我對這件事一無所知。

Most of the Chinese people usually go to work on the bike exceptwhen it rains.除了雨天,大多數(shù)中國人一般都騎自行車上班。

He asked me whether she was coming. 他問我，她來還是不來。

同位語從句（appositiveclauses）用作同位語的從句叫同位語從句。它一般跟在抽象名詞fact，idea，news，hope，belief，thought，truth，doubt，suggestion，warning, instruction，reason，information, question等之后，對這些名詞進(jìn)行說明或解釋。引導(dǎo)同位語從句的詞除連詞that，whether外，還有關(guān)系代詞what, which,who, 以及關(guān)系副詞how，when，where，why等。

It is a fact that smoking is a danger to health. 吸煙危害健康，這是事實(shí)。

I have no idea what you mean.我一點(diǎn)兒也不明白你的意思。

He made the suggestion that we go by train. 他建議我們坐火車去。

There is no doubt that he is guilty. 毫無疑問，他是有罪的。

2定語從句

關(guān)系代詞：

1、that：萬能詞（無實(shí)際詞意，看著翻譯吧，起連接作用），（啥都行）

2、who：誰，（專業(yè)指人）

3、whom：誰，做賓語，（專業(yè)指人）

4、whose：誰的，指人，所有格，（專業(yè)指人，偶爾指物）

5、which：哪個(gè)，（指前面提到的事物），（專業(yè)指物）

6、as：正如，（非限定性定語從句，專用），（位置隨便放）

注一：下列情況下，關(guān)系代詞只能用that。

（1）先行詞前面有：all：所有

everything：每件事情 nothing：沒有事情 Anything：任何事情

everbody：每個(gè)人 nobody：沒有人、 Somebody：某一個(gè)

anybody：任何一個(gè)人,等不定代詞的時(shí)候，關(guān)系代詞只能用，that。

（2）先行詞被序數(shù)詞，或者是最高級修飾的時(shí)候，關(guān)系代詞只能用that。

（3）先行詞前面被，the only、the very、the last、the same等修飾的時(shí)候，只能用that。

（4）先行詞即是人，又是物，關(guān)系代詞只能用that。

如：……the men and thebook that………………………………

（5）先行詞為 that時(shí)，關(guān)系代詞只能用which。

（6）先行詞是who，whom，wich開頭的特殊疑問句時(shí)，關(guān)系代詞只能用that。

注二：

（1）名詞+介詞+定語從句（定語從句做介詞賓語）

關(guān)系副詞：

1、when：當(dāng)……時(shí)候（表示時(shí)間）

2、where：在……地點(diǎn)（表示地點(diǎn)）

3、why：為什么（表示原因）

注三：關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)定語從句，與，關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)狀語從句的，區(qū)別是（關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)定語從句）只能放在先行詞后面，修飾先行詞。而（關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的狀語從句）可以放在句子開頭，或者是句子末尾，修飾動(dòng)詞，副詞。

經(jīng)典定語從句：

1. 整座城市躺在廢墟中，其中百分子75的工廠和大樓消失不見了。

The whole city, 75% of whose factories and buildings were gone,lay in ruins.

2. 我們公司有2000工人，三分之二是女工。

Our company has 2000 workers, of whom two thirds/ two thirds ofwhom are women.

3. 那些被困在廢墟里的人已經(jīng)得救了。

Those who were trapped under the ruins finally got rescued.

4. 你們剛才談?wù)摰哪菆龅卣鸷每膳卵剑?/span>

The earthquake that you were talking about soundedfrightening/shocking.=The earthquake about which you were talking soundedfrightening.

5. 我的家人都是音樂愛好者，今晚將去看電影。

My family, all of whom are music lovers, are going to the movietonight.

6. 我們正在看的這幢大樓過去曾經(jīng)是一家醫(yī)院。

The building which we are looking at used to be a hospital.

7. 約翰向母親說起過把他在國外見過的人和城市。

John once talked to his mom about the people and cities that hehad visited abroad.

8. 他是去過倫敦的一位以觀光者之一。

He is one of the tourists who have been to London.

9. 他是這些觀光者當(dāng)中唯一去過倫敦的。

He is the only one of the visitors that/who has been to London.

10. 這就是你們上個(gè)禮拜參觀過的學(xué)校嗎？

Is this the school that you visited last Sunday?

11. 這所學(xué)校就是你們上個(gè)禮拜參觀過的那所嗎？

Is this school the one that you visited last Sunday?

12. 他們曾經(jīng)居住過的是在這個(gè)地方里。

It is in this place that he once lived.

13. 這是他們曾經(jīng)住過的地址。

It is the place where he once lived.

14. 他有兩個(gè)兒子，每一位都看起來像他。

He has two sons, either of whom looks like him.

15. 他有連個(gè)兒子，并且每一個(gè)都看起來像他。

He has two sons, and either of them looks like him.

16. 這是一本封面是藍(lán)色的書。

17. This is a book whose cover is blue.=This is a book,of whichthe cover is blue=This is a book,the cover of which is blue.

18. 他不說令她生氣的話。He said nothingthat made her angry.

19. 窗戶朝南的那間房間是我的。

The room whose window faces south is mine.=The room of which thewindow faces south is mine.

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